Market Segmentation Targeting And Positioning

Market Segmentation Targeting And Positioning Market segmentation involves aggregating of prospective buyers into groups, or segments that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action.  [1]  Nestle provide a wide range of nutritious food and beverages for everyone to practice a balanced and healthy diet and lifestyle. There are four types of major segmentation variables for consumer markets which include geographic, demographic, psychographic and behavioral. Segment marketing has given the company a clearer picture of their customers and competitors so that the company can come up with a more fine-tuned products and services that satisfied customers needs. Through market segmentation, targeting and positioning, Nestle can reach out to their customers more easily and serve their customers more effectively and efficiently. Segmentation We found out that Nestle classify their market by using geographic, demographic and psychographic segmentation based on consumer characteristics. In geographic segmentation, Nestle has divided their market into urban areas (cities) and rural areas (villages). Besides that, Nestle also uses demographic factor to segment its market, it consists on income level and educational level. The income level and educational level can be categorized as low, middle and high level consumers. Apart from that, Nestle uses psychographic factor to differentiate the market. The segmentation variables that Nestle uses are personality, social class and lifestyle. Nestle can groups individuals according to their personalities such as extrovert, self-disciplined or energetic. Nestle divides their customers into low social class, medium social class and high social class. Targeting A target market is a potential market that a company has decides to concentrate its marketing efforts and resources to enter those markets. Nestle segments its market by regions, income level, educational level, personalities, social class and lifestyle. By applying the information and observations that we get, we can simply identify the target market of Nestle. In this case, we found out Nestle focuses on urban areas rather than rural areas. The consumption of Nestle products is often in cities as compared to villages. This may be due to income and educational level. The people in rural area mostly could not afford the products of Nestle as it is considered as luxuries. They do not have strong sense of health consciousness due to educational background. This makes them the less attractive buyers. For segmentation by income level, Nestle has been targeting on those consumer who earn middle income and high income. People will purchase healthy and nutritious food and beverages when they have enough monetary resources to back up them. Those consumers with higher income tend to be the potential buyers for Nestle because they bring most profit into the company. Furthermore, for educational level Nestle tends to pay more attention to those consumers who has an education background. They will be more concern of their health and they will do more to maintain it. Through education, we can improve our knowledge and develop life skills which can contribute to individual and community health. Those people with an education background are more likely to practice and maintain a healthy and balanced diet as they know health is more important than wealth. For personality segmentation, Nestle is targeting consumers who are more outgoing and outdoorsy. It is because they require more energy and nutrition that they have lost during their activities. By adapting nutritional input to physical needs, they can get the most from their body.  [2]  These people wish to maintain their energy level and quick recovery after a hectic day by adapting a balanced diet that provides them with essential nutrients and energy. In addition, from the social class and lifestyle segments, Nestle is targeting consumers who are belong to the higher social classes. They have high purchasing power so that they can afford more luxuries such as Nestles products. These people are the target market of Nestle because they tend to be more health conscious. Nestles products often emphasize on nutritional value and health benefits that can improve ones lifestyle and health issues. As conclusion, Nestle is able to reach out to their customers that it can serve best and most profitably. Through segmentation and targeting market, Nestle can enhance the profits for their company and increase effectiveness in their marketing campaigns. Positioning Product positioning refers to the place an offering occupies in consumers minds on important attributes relatives to competitive products. Nestle positioned itself as the world leader in Nutrition, Health and Wellness, trusted by all its stakeholders, and to be the reference for financial performance in its industry.   [3]  Nestle uses the slogan Good Food Good Life to enhance lives, throughout life, with good food and beverages.  [4]  Nutrition content in their products is the main focus to strengthen their leadership in nutrition industry. To remain their position in that industry, they must identify their competitive advantages against their competitors. Nestle has listed out four competitive advantages of their company that may help their company to compete with their competitors, that are unmatched product and brand portfolio, unmatched research and development (RD) capability, unmatched geographic presence and lastly people, culture, values and attitude  [5]  . For unmatched product and brand portfolio, Nestle provide the largest range of food and beverages among all the food company. Their products range from global icons to local favourites that can adapt to consumer needs, tastes and preferences, making Nestle as a global brand that relevant to everyone and everywhere. Besides that, it is supported by unmatched RD capability that improves the products through innovation and renovation so that it can meet consumer needs and enhances consumer benefits. Nestle spent over billions of dollar on its RD just to ensure its consumer gets the essential nutrition that their body needed. Nestle has an unmatched geographic presence competitive advantage due to the number of countries where they presence. They have been in most countries for over decades and successfully created a strong relationship between their brands and their consumers.  [6]  This also means that they have has plenty of time to study about the local preferences and behaviors to improve their products taste to match the locals preferences. The most important competitive advantage for Nestle is their people, culture, values and attitude. The Nestle culture created a strong bond between their people with a shared set of behaviors and values into a single way of doing business. Their people are determined to deliver their goals as while as creating value to the public.  [7]   Marketing environment Marketing environment consists of microenvironment (internal environment) and macroenvironment (external environment). It embraces all the marketing team inside a firm and includes all the outside factors of marketing that affect the teams ability to develop and maintain successful customer relationships with their targeted customer group.  [8]  Nestle is using it to improve customer relationship management and adapt new strategies when it comes to challenges and opportunities. Microenvironment Suppliers Suppliers are the one who delivered the resources needed by the company to produce the products or services to the consumers. Any problems that incurred in supplier can greatly affect the company sales and damage customer relationship. We can divide the suppliers of Nestle into two groups that are labour suppliers and material suppliers.  [9]  Labour suppliers are in charge of the supply of labour required by the company to optimize their production level. Labour strikes and labour relations are the most important factor to maintain labour satisfaction for company to improve their efficiency. For material suppliers, they deal with the materials needed by the company to place the finished goods on rack. The quality of the material is everything that the company focuses on as Nestle is in the food and beverages industry. By maintaining the quality and quantity of these two supplies, Nestle is able to produce high quantity product to uphold their sales volume and customer satisfacti on in the long run. Marketing intermediaries It helps the company to promote, sell and distribute its product to the final buyers.  [10]  The physical distribution firms design the delivery chain for the company products to reach their final destination. The firms also in charge with the products safety without getting any damage while storing them temporarily. Marketing service agencies of the company helps to target and promote its products to the right market.  [11]  It acts as a communication channel between the customers and the company by explaining the features of the product and providing feedback with the help of survey for the company to improve the quality of the product.  [12]  Banks and insurance companies are financial intermediaries that help to provide monetary resources and protection to the product and company against risk that may be occurred during the operation of the company. Nestle works together with all marketing intermediaries to ensure their valuable customers have a clear image of their p roducts features. Customer Nestle sells its goods to reseller markets that provide the goods to final user at a reasonable profit. Nestle also deals with customer markets which consists of individuals and households that buy a wide range of its products. Nestle works hard on making the product available whenever the customer needs them to maintain customer satisfaction. Macroenvironment Political environment Nestle adhere to the laws and regulations that involve in its activities and the environment. The government may set quotas on the quantity of the products that it can supply and set the amount of taxes that the company must pays in order to conduct the business. To achieve a balance between them, Nestle participates in legislative and regulatory discussions between international organizations, government representatives, industry, scientific community and consumer associations.  [13]   Economic environment Customer purchasing power is majorly affected by a range of economic factors such as income levels, inflation, taxes, unemployment, exchange rates and mortgage rates  [14]  . The disposable income and living standard of a country may bring big business opportunities for Nestle or the other way round. Cultural environment Before Nestle start its operation in any country, it mainly focus on studying the societys cultural value, preferences and behaviors. This is because Nestle hopes its products can be accepted by the local with warm welcome and be competitive among other companies that operating at the same level.  [15]   Technological environment Technologies are the vital part of Nestle RD. Investment in technology will definitely help the company to reduce production cost and improve product quality. For example, Nestle have developed technologies that allow them to use natural vegetable oils instead of partially hydrogenated fats in Maggi bouillon cubes and seasonings.  [16]  With the help of technology improvement, Nestle can create healthier products across their product range and thus improve health and quality of life in a country.

Marketing Strategies of Catering Firms Essay

Basically, the Descriptive method of research will be utilized in the study since it is designed for the investigation or to gather information about present existing conditions. [1]This will be done by gathering the descriptive data through the use of researcher-made questionnaires. Manuel and Medel(1990) defined Descriptive Research as a research that describes ‘what is’. It involves the description, recording analysis, and interpretation of the present nature, composition or how a person, group or thing behaves or functions in the present. It often involves some type of comparison or contrast.[2] According to Polit and Hungler(1999), Descriptive Research describes what exists and may help to uncover new facts and meaning. The purpose of Descriptive Research is to discover, describe and document. Aspects of a situation as it naturally occurs.[3] In other words, Dsescriptive Reserch design is a valid method for researching specific subjects and as a precursor to more quantitative studies. Whilst there are some valid concerns about the statistical validity, as long as the limitations are understood by the researcher, this type of study is an invaluable scientific tool.[4] Its common means of obtaining information include the use of the questionnaire, personal interviews with the aid of study or interview schedule, and observation, either participatory or not. Descriptive Research includes studies that gives meaning to the quality and standing of facts that are going on. For instance, the information about a group of person, a number of objects, a set of conditions, a class of events, a system of thought or any other kind of phenomenon or experience which one may wish to study.[5] This method will be appropriate and used in the study because it is concerned with the conditions that exist and help to answer the questions involving the Marketing Strategies of Catering Firms in selected towns in Rizal. SETTING OF THE STUDY This study will be conducted in selected towns in Rizal. Rizal is a province located in the CALABARZON, just 16 kilometers east of Manila. The province was named after the country’s national hero,Josà © Rizal. Rizal Governor Dr. Casimiro Ynares III on June 17, 2008 announced the transfer of the Capitol from Pasig. Its P 270-million capitol building, constructed in Antipolo by Ortigas & Co., owner thereof, was completed by December of that year. Built on 5-hectare lot at the Ynares Center, it employs 2,008 employees. The New Capitol was successfully inaugurated on March 4, 2009, bringing back the Capitol Building inside the provincial territory, from which it was absent for 33 years (when Pasig was incorporated into Metro Manila). Rizal is bordered by Metro Manila to the west, the province of Bulacan to the north, Quezon to the east and Laguna province to the south. The province also lies on the northern shores of Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the country. Rizal is a mountainous province perched on the western slopes of the southern portion of the Sierra Madre mountain range. Antipolo boasts of a wonderful view of Metro Manila and it is where Hinulugang Taktak, a waterfall popular with tourists, can be found. The Rizal Province will be accessed by the future C-6 Road connecting the provinces of Bulacan and Cavite and cities of Taguig (beside Laguna de bay), Paraà ±aque and Muntinlupa which are located within Metro Manila. [6] The selected towns to be involved in the study are Tanay, Taytay, Angono, Binangonan, and Cainta. Tanay is a first class municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. It is located 57 kilometers (35 mi) east of Manila, although a typical commute between Manila and Tanay will take between one to three hours depending upon traffic conditions. It contains portions of the Sierra Madre Mountains and is bordered by Antipolo City in the northwest, Baras, Morong and Teresa in the west, General Nakar (Quezon Province) in the east, and Pililla, Santa Maria (Laguna province) as well as the lake Laguna de Bay in the south. According to the latest census, it has a population of 94,460 people in 15,720 households. The majority of the population consists of Tagalogs who live near Laguna de Bay, though there are also a significant percentage of mountain dwelling people living in the northern portions of the municipality. The town’s major trades consist of fishing, agriculture and regional commerce. Tanay is also believed to be the birthplace of the Sambal language. [7] *Continuation of Setting of the Study* The City of Taytay is a first class, densely populated municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. It is currently the third most populous municipality in the country. Conurbated with Metro Manila, it is bounded by Cainta on the north, Pasig City and Taguig City on the west, Antipolo City in the East and Angono on the South. It is the â€Å"Woodworks and Garments Capital of the Philippines†.[8] Angono is a first class urban municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. It is known as â€Å"Arts Capital of the Philippines†, and located 30 kilometers (19 mi) east of Manila. According to the latest census of August 1, 2007, it has a population of 97,209 inhabitants (or 4.26% of Rizal province’s total population of 2,284,046) in 15,740 households. First created as a pueblo in 1766, Angono was a barrio of its neighboring town Taytay and Binangonan before being legally proclaimed an independent municipality in 1935 by then President Manuel L. Quezon. It is home to the Angono Petroglyphs, the oldest known work of art in the Philippines. [9] The Municipality of Binangonan is a first class urban municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2010 census, it has a population of 249,872 inhabitants in 38,488 households in census. It has a land area of 64.38 km ². A thriving fish port and fishing industry is found in Binangonan, having a long coast line facing the Laguna de Bay, including the western part of Talim Island. The plant of Rizal Cement and Grandspan are in Binangonan as well. Their main livelihood are fishing and farming. With the continuous expansion of Metro Manila, the municipality is now part of Manila’s conurbation which reaches Cardona in its eastern-most part.[10] The Municipality of Cainta (Filipino: Bayan ng Cainta) is a first-class urban municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. It is one of the oldest (originally founded on August 15, 1571), and is the town with the second smallest land area of 26.81 square kilometers (10.35 sq. mi) next to Angono with 26.22 square kilometers (10.12 sq. mi).Cainta serves as the secondary gateway to the rest of Rizal province from Metro Manila. Cainta became one of the most urbanized towns due to its proximity to Manila.[11] Subject Of The Study The subject of the study will be twenty five(25) owners or caterers in selected towns in Rizal. The selected towns to be involved in the study are Tanay, Taytay, Angono, Binangonan and Cainta. The researchers will distribute the questionnaire – checklist to the five(5) catering firms in each selected towns. Sources of Data In this study, the researchers will use a questionnaire – checklist as the main tool in gathering the needed data or information on the marketing strategies of catering firms in selected towns in Rizal. The researchers adapted the questionnaire of Caisip et al, with some modifications to suit the type of respondents. The questionnaire – checklist is divided into three parts: Part 1 pertains to the personal profile of the respondents which includes the age, job position, sex, civil status, educational attainment, monthly salary, type of catering, ownership, accreditation, affiliation and location. Part 2 consists of the profile of catering firms that perceived by the respondents which includes the physical facilities, services offered, capacity, number of staff, income per year, price per pax, target market and amenities. Part 3 contains the different marketing strategies used by the caterers to attract customers. These will be answered by the respondents by putting a checkmark on the corresponding space by using the following five-point scales: SCALE| VERBAL INTERPRETATIONS| 5| Very Much(VM)| Always(A)| 4| Much(M)| Frequently(F)| 3| Moderate(MO)| Occasionally(O)| 2| Little(L)| Rarely(R)| 1| Very Little(VL)| Never(N)| This scale will be used to know the effectiveness of the marketing strategies that the catering firms applied. Procedure Of The Study The researchers underwent planning which includes the formulation of the problem, they decided to go on the title â€Å"Marketing Strategies of Catering Firms in Selected Towns in Rizal†. After the research instructors’ approval of the title, the researchers gathered related literature and studies to complete the Chapter 1 and 2. In Chapter 1, the researchers collected the needed information involving the Introduction, Background of the Study, Theoretical Framework, Conceptual Framework, Statements of the Problem, Hypothesis, Scope and Limitation of the Study, and Definition of Terms. The Statements of the Problem will be pattern to the Study of Caisip, Catherine C. et al. While in the Chapter 2, the researchers did the same thing in gathering the data needed, which includes the Research Method, Sources of Data, Setting of the Study, Subject of the Study, Procedure of the Study, and Statistical Treatment. Upon the completion of the 2 chapters, the research instructors will schedule the researches for the colloquium. So, the constructive criticisms will be made by the panelists for the improvement of the study. Statistical Treatment To analyze the data gathered, the indicated statistical treatment below will be used in the study: Problem number 1: Frequency and Percentage Distribution will be used to determine the profile of the respondents in terms of age, job, sex, civil status, educational attainment, monthly salary, type of catering, ownership, accreditation and affiliation, and location. Problem number 2: Weighted mean will be used to determine the marketing strategies of catering firms in selected towns in Rizal in terms of physical facilities. Frequency and Percentage Distribution will be used to determine the marketing strategies of catering firms in selected towns in Rizal in terms of services offered, capacity, number of staff, income per year, price per pax, target market and amenities. Problem number 3: F-Test(One Way ANOVA) will be utilized to determine if there is any significant difference on the marketing strategies of catering firms in selected towns in Rizal with respect to the different aspects in terms of physical facilities, service offered, capacity, number of staff, income per year, price per pax, target market and amenities. End Notes 1http://www.slideshare.net/Angilo/descriptive-research, July 10, 2012 2Rupinta, Sheila Marie G. et. al â€Å"Status of Tourisim Components in the Different Hospitality Industries in Selected Towns in the Province of Rizal.† 3http://www.reserachproposalsforhealthprofessionals.com/descriptive-research.html 4http://www.experiment-resources.com/descriptive-research-design.html, August 5, 2010 5http://www.slideshare.net/Angilo/descriptive.research, July 10,2011 6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rizal, August 15,2012 7http://www.wowrizal.com/towns-and-cities/tanay-rizal-facts-location-population-barangays-history/ , April 4 2010 8 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taytay,_Rizal, August 24,2010 9 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angono,_Rizal, July 22, 2012 10 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binagonan,_Rizal, July 7,2012 11

Queen Victorias Children and Grandchildren

Queen Victoria and her first cousin Prince Albert, who married on February 10, 1840, had nine children. The marriage of the children of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert  into other royal families, and the likelihood that some of her children bore a mutant gene for hemophilia affected European history. In the following list, the unnumbered persons are children of Victoria and Albert, with notes on who they married, and below them are the next generation, Victoria, and Alberts grandchildren. Children of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert Victoria Adelaide Mary, Princess Royal (November 21, 1840–August 5, 1901)  married Frederick III of Germany (1831–1888) Kaiser Wilhelm II, German Emperor (1859–1941, emperor 1888–1919), married Augusta Viktoria of Schleswig-Holstein and Hermine Reuss of GreizDuchess Charlotte of Saxe-Meiningen (1860–1919), married Bernhard III, Duke of Saxe-MeinengenPrince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929), married Princess Irene of Hesse and by the RhinePrince Sigismund of Prussia (1864–1866)Princess Victoria of Prussia (1866–1929), married Prince Adolf of Schaumburg-Lippe and Alexander ZoubkoffPrince Waldemar of Prussia (1868–1879)Sophie of Prussia, Queen of Greece (1870–1932), married Constantine I of GreecePrincess Margarete of Hesse (1872–1954), married Prince Frederick Charles of Hesse-Kassel Albert Edward, King of England as Edward VII (November 9, 1841–May 6, 1910)  married Princess Alexandra of Denmark (1844–1925) Duke Albert Victor Christian (1864–1892), engaged to Mary of Teck (1867–1953)King George V (1910–1936), married Mary of Teck (1867–1953)Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar, Princess Royal (1867–1931), married Alexander Duff, Duke of FifePrincess Victoria Alexandra Olga (1868–1935)Princess Maud Charlotte Mary (1869–1938), married Haakon VII of NorwayPrince Alexander John of Wales (John) (1871–1871) Alice Maud Mary (April 25, 1843–December 14, 1878)  married Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse (1837–1892) Princess Victoria Alberta of Hesse (1863–1950), married Prince Louis of BattenbergElizabeth, Grand Duchess of Russia (1864–1918), married Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of RussiaPrincess Irene of Hesse (1866–1953), married Prince Heinrich of PrussiaErnest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (1868–1937), married Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (his cousin, a daughter of Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, a son of Victoria and Albert), Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich  (married 1894–divorced 1901)Frederick (Prince Friedrich) (1870–1873)Alexandra, Tsarina of Russia (Alix of Hesse) (1872–1918), married Nicholas II of RussiaMary (Princess Marie) (1874–1878) Alfred Ernest Albert, Duke of Edinburgh and of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (August 6, 1844–1900)  married Marie Alexandrovna, Grand Duchess, Russia (1853–1920) Prince Alfred (1874–1899)Marie of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Queen of Romania (1875–1938), married Ferdinand of RomaniaVictoria Melita of Edinburgh, Grand Duchess (1876–1936), married first (1894–1901) Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse (her cousin, a son of Princess Alice Maud Mary of the United Kingdom, a daughter of Victoria and Albert), married second (1905)  Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia (her first cousin, and a first cousin of both Nicholas II and his wife, who was also the sister of Victoria Melitas first husband)Princess Alexandra (1878–1942), married Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-LangenburgPrincess Beatrice (1884–1966), married Infante Alfonso de Orleans y Borbà ³n, Duke of Galliera Helena Augusta Victoria (May 25, 1846–June 9, 1923)  married Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (1831–1917) Prince Christian Victor of Schleswig-Holstein (1867–1900)Prince Albert, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein (1869–1931), never married but fathered a daughterPrincess Helena Victoria (1870–1948)Princess Maria Louise (1872–1956), married Prince Aribert of AnhallFrederick Harold (1876–1876)stillborn son (1877) Louise Caroline Alberta (March 18, 1848–December 3, 1939)  married John Campbell, Duke of Argyll, Marquis of Lorne (1845–1914) Arthur William Patrick, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (May 1, 1850–January 16, 1942)  married Duchess Louise Margaret of Prussia (1860 –1917) Princess Margaret of Connaught, Crown Princess of Sweden (1882–1920), married Gustaf Adolf, Crown Prince of SwedenPrince Arthur of Connaught and Strathearn (1883–1938), married Princess Alexandra, Duchess of Fife (herself a daughter of Princess Louise, granddaughter of Edward VII and great-granddaughter of Victoria and Albert)Princess Patricia of Connaught, Lady Patricia Ramsay (1885–1974), married Sir Alexander Ramsay Leopold George Duncan, Duke of Albany (April 7, 1853–March 28, 1884)  married Princess Helena Frederica of Waldeck and Pyrmont (1861–1922) Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone (1883–1981), married Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone (she was the last surviving grandchild of Queen Victoria)Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1884–1954), married Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Hostein Beatrice Mary Victoria (April 14, 1857–October 26, 1944)  married Prince Henry of Battenberg (1858–1896) Alexander Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Carisbrooke (formerly Prince Alexander of Battenburg) (1886–1960), married Lady Iris MountbattenVictoria Eugenie, Queen of Spain (1887–1969), married Alfonso XIII of SpainLord Leopold Mountbatten (formerly Prince Leopold of Battenberg) (1889–1922)Prince Maurice of Battenburg (1891–1914) Queen Victoria was an ancestor of later British rulers including her descendant Queen Elizabeth II. She was also an ancestor of Elizabeth IIs husband Prince Philip.

Synthesis Essay Angela Locke - 1493 Words

Argumentative Synthesis This argumentative synthesis consists of four different articles that are all based on social class and inequality. The first article is â€Å"Born Poor and Smart† by Angela Locke. The second articles I will be using is â€Å" Culture of Success† by Brink Lindsey. The third article I will be using is â€Å"The War Against the Poor Instead of Programs to End Poverty† by Herbert J. Gans. The final article that I will be using is â€Å" A Great Time to Be Alive?† by Matt Yglesias. Born Poor and Smart Angela Locke is a writer for the feminist news journal off our backs. In this article, Locke is explaining how her life was growing up and becoming an adult while being poor. She also explains how her mother was born poor and smart and how†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å" A lack of money is the most common explanation for why lower-income children do not go to college† ( Lindsey 341). In this quote, the author shows how hard it is for some lower-income kids to go to college when they are out of high school. This article has a few strengths and weaknesses of it. I believe that the article does a good job at providing evidence and good sources of information. â€Å"But University of Chicago sociologist Susan E. Mayer has found otherwise. In her book What Money Can’t Buy, she examined the connection between parental incomes and child outcomes† ( Lindsey 342). A weakness that the paper has is the fact that I do not feel the author ended the article in a strong enough way to be effective to readers. The article is very well writing and seems to be very well researched in many areas throughout the entire article. What I am not impressed with is the way that the author executed some of the beginnings and endings of topics. There were some instances where it did not make any sense to me. The War Against the Poor Instead of Programs to End Poverty Herbert J. Gans is a professor of sociology at Columbia University. He has written numerous articles and books on the subject of poverty including The Urban Villagers, The Levittowners, People and Plans, Popular Culture and High Culture, Deciding What’s News, The War Against the Poor, and Making Sense of America. In this article, Gans is trying to explain things theShow MoreRelatedLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagesstrategic thinking, a strategic planning process is likely to be no more that an exercise in futility. Strategic thinking, then, is a process of creating a better tomorrow for the information services organization, and it requires insight through synthesis as well as analysis, nonlinear as well as linear thinking, visual as well as verbal conceptualizing, implicit as well as explicit thinking, and the need to engages the heart as well as the head.1 Some Definitions Strategic visioning: A proactive